Tungsten Carbide Milling Cutter

   Pali mtundu wa chida chodulira chomwe chili champhamvu kwambiri, kaya ndi chonyamulira pamadzi kapena ndege yankhondo yakumwamba, kapena Webb Space Telescope yomwe yangotulutsidwa kumene yowononga $ 10 biliyoni, zonse ziyenera kukonzedwa ndi iyo. Ndiwodula zitsulo za tungsten. Chitsulo cha Tungsten ndi cholimba kwambiri ndipo ndi chitsulo cholimba kwambiri chomwe chimapangidwa ndi kupanga misala. Ikhoza kukonza pafupifupi zitsulo zonse kupatula carbon. Non steel, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti hard alloy, imapangidwa makamaka ndi ma carbides ndi cobalt sintered. Tungsten carbide ufa amasungunuka kuchokera ku tungsten ore. China ndi dziko lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi la migodi ya tungsten, yomwe ili ndi 58% ya nkhokwe zotsimikizika za tungsten.

    Kodi kupanga tungsten zitsulo mphero ocheka? Masiku ano, teknoloji ya powder metallurgy imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Choyamba, miyala ya tungsten imapangidwa kukhala ufa wa tungsten, kenako ufawo umakanikizidwa mu nkhungu yopangidwa ndi makina. Makina opera olemera pafupifupi matani 1,000 amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukanikiza. Tungsten ufa nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi njira yofananira yomiza yomiza. Mkangano pakati pa ufa ndi khoma la nkhungu ndi laling'ono, ndipo billet imayendetsedwa ndi mphamvu yofanana ndi kugawa kachulukidwe. Magwiridwe azinthu amawongolera kwambiri.

  Chodulira zitsulo za tungsten ndi cylindrical, kotero chitsulo choponderezedwa cha tungsten ndi silinda. Panthawiyi, chitsulo cha tungsten chimangokhala chipika cha ufa cholumikizidwa pamodzi ndi mapulasitiki, ndiyeno chiyenera kutenthedwa.

  Uwu ndi ng'anjo yayikulu ya sintering yomwe imayitanitsa ndodo za ufa wa tungsten ndikukankhira pamodzi kuti zitenthetse mpaka kusungunuka kwa zigawo zazikuluzikulu, kusandulika ma aggregates a particles a ufa kuti awonongeke.

  Kunena zochulukira, choyamba, pambuyo pa kutentha kocheperako kusanachitike, chowotchera chimachotsedwa ndipo crystallization imawotchedwa pa kutentha kwapakatikati kuti amalize ntchito ya sintering pa kutentha kwakukulu. Kuchulukana kwa thupi la sintered kumawonjezeka, ndipo panthawi yozizira, mphamvu zimasonkhanitsidwa kuti zipeze zofunikira zakuthupi ndi zamakina zazinthuzo. Sintering ndiye njira yofunika kwambiri pakupanga zitsulo.

Chotsani aloyi yachitsulo ya tungsten yomwe yakhazikika kutentha kutentha ndikupita ku sitepe yotsatira yakupera kopanda pakati. Kupera kopanda mtima ndi njira yopukutira, pomwe pamwamba pa zitsulo za tungsten ndizovuta kwambiri komanso zolimba. Chifukwa chake, diamondi yomwe imatha kupukutidwa ndikugaya kosalekeza kwa zinthuzo ndi mawilo awiri a diamondi. Izi zimapanga kutentha kwakukulu ndipo zimafuna chisamaliro chosalekeza cha pamwamba pa choziziritsa. Mukamaliza, ndi chinthu chomalizidwa ndi ndodo yachitsulo ya tungsten. Kupanga zinthu zopangira ndodo kungawoneke kosavuta, koma kwenikweni, kumakhala ndi luso lapamwamba kwambiri kuyambira pokonzekera koyambirira kwa ufa wa tungsten mpaka kupanga mbewu zamtengo wapatali kudzera mu sintering yoyendetsedwa.

  Panthawiyi, ogwira ntchito adzayang'ana mipiringidzo yachitsulo ya tungsten kuti awone ngati pali ngodya zilizonse zomwe zikusowa kapena zowonongeka, komanso ngati pali zopotoka m'litali kapena madontho musanayambe kuzigulitsa ndi kuzigulitsa. Kuchulukana kwachitsulo cha tungsten ndikwambiri, ndipo bokosi ngati ili limalemera kulemera kwa munthu wamkulu. Itha kukwezedwa m'galimoto ndikupita kumalo opangira zida kuti ipitilize kukonza zitsulo za tungsten kukhala zodula mphero.

  Fakitale ya zida ikalandira ndodo yachitsulo ya tungsten, ndikutengera chitsanzo changa cha Zhuzhou Watt, chinthu choyamba ndikuwulula chitsulo cha tungsten ndikuwunika zinthu zilizonse zolakwika. Zinthu zonse zolakwika zidzachotsedwa ndikubwezeretsedwa kwa wopanga. Pali mitundu yambiri ya odulira zitsulo za tungsten mphero, zogwirizana ndi malo osiyanasiyana opangira, kotero fakitale ya zida imakhalanso ndi udindo wofufuza ndi chitukuko.

  Kutengera momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito komanso zida zomwe kasitomala amaperekedwa, injiniya adzapanga mawonekedwe a chida chofananira kuti akwaniritse zosowa za kasitomala. Kuti tithandizire kugunda kwa chodula mphero, timagwedeza mchira wa zinthuzo, ndipo zitha kuwoneka bwino kuti mchira wa chamfered umapereka mawonekedwe a trapezoidal. Chogwirizira chida ndi mlatho wolumikiza chida cha makina a CNC, chomwe chitha kukhazikitsidwa mosavuta mu chotengera chida. Pambuyo pa chamfering, tidzadula ndikuyika zinthu za bar, zomwe zimatchulidwa mwaukadaulo ngati kusiyana kwa msinkhu kokha mumayendedwe olunjika a ndege zapamwamba ndi zotsika.

  Apa, ndondomeko yovuta ya zinthu za bar imapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yofanana ndi kutembenuka, ndipo kudula kumafunanso kuzizira kosalekeza ndi ozizira.

  Kudula m'mphepete ndiye njira yayikulu yopangira odulira mphero, ndipo makina odulira ndi chopukusira, chomwe ndi chida chachikulu m'mafakitale opangira zida. Chopukusira cha CNC chochokera kunja ndichokwera mtengo kwambiri, nthawi zambiri chimawononga mamiliyoni pamakina aliwonse. Kuchuluka kwa opuku kumatanthawuza kutulutsa kwa zida zodulira, ndipo magwiridwe antchito amakhudzanso mtundu wa zida zodulira.

  Mwachitsanzo, ngati kulimba kwa chopukusira kuli kolimba, kugwedezeka panthawi yokonza kumakhala kochepa, ndipo chodulira mphero chomwe chimapangidwa chimakhala cholondola kwambiri, kotero kulondola ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa chopukusira. Makina opera ali ndi ntchito zingapo, zomwe zimatha kupititsa patsogolo ntchito bwino. Amakhala ndi zida zambiri zamakina, amatha kusintha okha kuthamanga kwa chingwe, kunyamula ndi kutsitsa zida, ndikupangitsa munthu m'modzi kuyang'anira zida zamakina angapo, ngakhale popanda kuyang'aniridwa.

  Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, chinthu choyamba ndikuwunika kudumpha kwa ndodo. Pambuyo podutsa mayeso odumphira, gudumu la burashi limagwiritsidwa ntchito pogaya poyambira, m'mphepete mwake, ndi mbali zosiyanasiyana za mphero yodula m'mphepete mwa ndodo, zomwe zonse zimakonzedwa ndi chopukusira. Momwemonso, mawilo opera a diamondi amagwiritsidwanso ntchito, limodzi ndi kuchuluka kwa zoziziritsa kukhosi. Chodulira chitsulo cha tungsten chokhala ndi mamilimita 4 m'mimba mwake nthawi zambiri chimatenga mphindi 5-6 kuti amalize. Koma izi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi makina opera. Makina ena opera ali ndi nkhwangwa zingapo komanso kuchita bwino kwambiri, ndipo amatha kukonza ma tungsten zitsulo zodulira nthawi imodzi. Zitha kuwoneka kuti pambuyo pokonza, ndodo yachitsulo ya tungsten yasintha kukhala chodulira mphero, ndipo chodula mphero chikadali chinthu chomaliza. Malinga ndi dongosolo la kasitomala, zida zodulira zimayikidwa palletized ndikutumizidwa kuchipinda choyeretsa cha ultrasonic. Pambuyo kudula, zida zodulira zimatsukidwa koyamba kuti zichotse zotsalira zamadzimadzi ndi mafuta pamasamba kuti zitheke mosavuta.

  Ngati sichiyeretsedwa, chidzakhudza njira zotsatila. Kenako, tiyenera kuchita passivation mankhwala kwa izo. Passivation, kumasuliridwa kwenikweni ngati passivation, ikufuna kuchotsa ma burrs pamphepete. Ma Burrs pamphepete mwawo amatha kupangitsa zida kuvala komanso kukwiyitsa pamwamba pa chogwiriracho. Sandblasting passivation ngati imeneyi imagwiritsa ntchito mpweya woponderezedwa ngati mphamvu ndi zida za jet zothamanga kwambiri kupopera pamwamba pa chida. Pambuyo pa chithandizo cha passivation, m'mphepete mwake mumakhala bwino kwambiri, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kukwapula. Pamwamba kusalala kwa workpiece nawonso bwino, makamaka zida TACHIMATA, amene ayenera kukumana passivation mankhwala pa kudula m'mphepete pamaso ❖ kuyanika kuti ❖ kuyanika kwambiri mwamphamvu Ufumuyo pamwamba chida. 

  Pambuyo pa passivation, iyeneranso kutsukidwa kachiwiri, Nthawi ino, cholinga ndikuyeretsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono pa thupi la chida. Pambuyo pa njirayi mobwerezabwereza, mafuta odzola, kukhazikika, ndi moyo wautumiki wa chida wakhala bwino. Mafakitale ena a zida alibe njira iyi. Kenaka, chidacho chidzatumizidwa ku zokutira. Kupaka kulinso ulalo wofunikira kwambiri. Choyamba, yikani chidacho ku pendant ndikuwulula m'mphepete kuti mukutidwe. Timagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wa PVD, womwe umatulutsa zinthu zophimbidwa ndi njira zakuthupi, kenako ndikuziyika pazida. Makamaka, choyamba vacuum, kuphika ndi kutentha chodulira mphero mpaka kutentha kofunikira, phulitsa ma voteji a 200V mpaka 1000V ndi ayoni, ndikusiya makinawo ali ndi magetsi oyipa kwa mphindi zisanu mpaka 30. Kenako sinthani pakali pano kuti plating zinthu fusible kuti ambiri maatomu ndi mamolekyu akhoza vaporized ndi kusiya madzi plating zakuthupi kapena olimba plating zakuthupi pamwamba kapena sublimated ndipo potsiriza waikamo pamwamba pa thupi. Sinthani mphamvu ya evaporation momwe ikufunikira mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yoyika, dikirani kuti kuzizire ndikutuluka mung'anjoyo. Kupaka koyenera kumatha kuwonjezera moyo wa chida kangapo ndikuwongolera mawonekedwe amtundu wa workpiece kuti akonze.

  Pambuyo kupaka zida kumalizidwa, kwenikweni njira zonse zazikulu zatha. Panthawi imeneyi, tungsten zitsulo mphero wodula akhoza kuikidwa pa chida makina. Timakokera chodulira chatsopanocho chophimbidwa m'chipinda choyikamo, ndipo chipinda cholongedzacho chidzayang'ananso chodulira mphero. Kupyolera mu maikulosikopu anime, fufuzani ngati m'mphepete kudula wathyoka ndipo ngati kulondola kumakwaniritsa zofunikira, ndiyeno tumizani kuti mulembe chizindikiro, gwiritsani ntchito laser kuti mulembe mawonekedwe a chida pa chogwirira, ndiyeno bokosi la tungsten zitsulo zodula. Zotumiza zathu zodula mphero nthawi zambiri zimakhala masauzande, nthawi zina masauzande masauzande a matani, kotero makina opangira okhawo saloledwa Kuchepa kochepa kumatha kupulumutsa anthu ambiri ogwira ntchito komanso ndalama. Fakitale yopanda anthu yanzeru ndiyomwe idzachitike mtsogolo. 

  Zimaphatikizapo njira zambiri zoletsa tungsten zitsulo zodula mphero kuti zikule kuchokera pachiyambi, M'zaka zaposachedwa, ndi chitukuko chofulumira cha makampani opanga zida, makampani ambiri opanga zida ayambitsa kafukufuku wodziimira yekha ndi chitukuko cha mfundo zamakono zomwe sizinayambe kuyendetsedwa bwino m'nyumba. monga ukadaulo wokutira ndi makina asanu opukutira olondola a axis, ndipo pang'onopang'ono awonetsa chizolowezi chosintha zinthu kuchokera kunja.