Tungsten Carbide Gusya

   Hariho ubwoko bwigikoresho cyo gukata gifite imbaraga cyane, cyaba umutwara hejuru yamazi cyangwa indege yintambara mu kirere, cyangwa telesikope ya Webb Space Telescope iherutse gutangizwa igura miliyari 10 z'amadolari, byose bigomba gutunganywa nayo. Nibikoresho byo gusya ibyuma bya tungsten. Icyuma cya Tungsten kirakomeye cyane kandi nubwoko bukomeye bwibyuma byakozwe nintoki rusange. Irashobora gutunganya ibyuma hafi ya byose usibye karubone. Ibyuma bitazwi kandi bizwi nka alloy alloy, bigizwe ahanini na karbide na cobalt byacumuye. Ifu ya karubide ya Tungsten yashongeshejwe mu bucukuzi bwa tungsten. Ubushinwa nicyo gihugu kinini ku isi gicukura amabuye y'agaciro ya tungsten, bingana na 58% by'ububiko bwa tungsten bwagaragaye.

    Nigute ushobora gukora ibyuma byo gusya ibyuma bya tungsten? Muri iki gihe, tekinoroji ya powder metallurgie irakoreshwa. Ubwa mbere, ubutare bwa tungsten bukozwe mu ifu ya tungsten, hanyuma ifu ikanda mububiko bwabugenewe n'imashini. Imashini yo gusya ipima hafi toni 1000 ikoreshwa mugukanda. Ifu ya Tungsten isanzwe ikorwa nuburyo buringaniye bwo kwibiza. Ubushyamirane buri hagati yifu ninkuta zububiko ni buto, kandi bilet ikorerwa imbaraga zimwe no gukwirakwiza ubucucike. Imikorere yibicuruzwa iratera imbere cyane.

  Icyuma cyo gusya ibyuma bya tungsten ni silindrike, bityo ibyuma bya tungsten bikanda ni silinderi. Muri iki gihe, ibyuma bya tungsten ni ifu yifu ifatanye hamwe na plasitike, hanyuma ikenera gucumurwa.

  Iri ni itanura rinini ryo gucumura ryishyuza ifu ya tungsten ifunitse kandi ikabisunika hamwe kugirango ibishyuhe kugeza aho bishongeshe ibice byingenzi, ihindura igiteranyo cyuduce twa poro mu gusenya ibinyampeke.

  Kugirango urusheho gusobanuka, icya mbere, nyuma yubushyuhe buke mbere yo kurasa, agent ibumba ikurwaho hanyuma kristu ikarasa ku bushyuhe bwo hagati kugirango irangize inzira yo gucumura ku bushyuhe bwinshi. Ubucucike bwumubiri wacumuye buriyongera, kandi mugihe cyo gukonja, imbaraga zegeranijwe kugirango zibone ibintu bikenewe byumubiri nubukanishi bwibikoresho. Gucumura ninzira yingenzi muri powder metallurgie.

Kuraho tungsten ibyuma bivanze byakonje kugeza ubushyuhe bwicyumba hanyuma ukomeze intambwe ikurikira yo gusya hagati. Gusya bidafite umutima ni inzira yo gusya, aho hejuru yicyuma cya tungsten kirakomeye kandi gikomeye. Kubwibyo, diyama ishobora kuba hasi ni ugukomeza gusya hejuru yibintu ukoresheje ibiziga bibiri bya diyama. Ubu buryo butanga ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi busaba guhora bivura hejuru ya coolant. Nyuma yo kurangiza, nigicuruzwa cyarangiye cyibikoresho bya tungsten. Umusaruro wibikoresho byinkoni ushobora gusa nkuworoshye, ariko mubyukuri, ufite ibintu byinshi bya tekinike kuva hategurwa bwa mbere ifu ya tungsten kugeza igihe habaye ibinyampeke byujuje ubuziranenge binyuze mu gucumura.

  Muri iki gihe, abakozi bazagenzura ibyuma bya tungsten kugirango barebe niba hari inguni zabuze cyangwa ibyangiritse, kandi niba hari gutandukana muburebure cyangwa irangi mbere yo kubipakira no kubigurisha. Ubucucike bw'ibyuma bya tungsten buri hejuru cyane, kandi agasanduku nkako gapima uburemere bwumuntu mukuru. Irashobora gutwarwa mu gikamyo hanyuma ikajyanwa mu ruganda rutunganya ibikoresho kugirango irusheho gutunganya ibyuma bya tungsten mu byuma bisya.

  Iyo uruganda rwibikoresho rwakiriye ibikoresho bya tungsten ibyuma, mfata Zhuzhou Watt nkurugero, intambwe yambere nukwerekana ibyuma bya tungsten no kugenzura ibicuruzwa bifite inenge. Ibicuruzwa byose bifite inenge bizakurwaho kandi bisubizwe uwabikoze. Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwibikoresho byo gusya ibyuma bya tungsten, bihuye nibidukikije bitandukanye, bityo uruganda rwibikoresho narwo rufite inshingano zo gukora ubushakashatsi niterambere.

  Ukurikije uburyo bwo gutunganya nibikoresho byatanzwe nabakiriya, injeniyeri azashushanya imiterere yibikoresho bijyanye kugirango ibyo umukiriya akeneye. Kugirango tworohereze gufatisha urusyo, tuzahindura umurizo wibikoresho, kandi birashobora kugaragara neza ko umurizo ucagaguye werekana imiterere ya trapezoidal. Igikoresho gifite ikiraro gihuza igikoresho cyimashini ya CNC, gishobora gushyirwaho byoroshye mubikoresho bifata ibikoresho. Nyuma yo gutondagura, tuzakata kandi dushyiremo akabari, kavuzwe nkumwuga itandukaniro ryurwego gusa muburyo buhagaritse bwindege ndende kandi nto.

  Hano, urucacagu ruto rwibikoresho byabugenewe rukoreshwa hakoreshejwe uburyo busa no guhinduka, kandi inzira yo gukata nayo isaba gukomeza gukonjesha hamwe na coolant.

  Gukata inkombe ninzira nyamukuru mubikorwa byo gusya, kandi imashini ikata ni urusyo, nicyo gikoresho nyamukuru mu nganda zitunganya ibikoresho. Imashini eshanu zitumizwa mu mahanga CNC isya ihenze cyane, ubusanzwe igura miriyoni kuri buri mashini. Umubare wo gusya ugena umusaruro wibikoresho byo gukata, kandi imikorere ya gride nayo igira ingaruka kumiterere yibikoresho byo gutema

  Kurugero, niba ubukana bwa gride bukomeye, kunyeganyega mugihe cyo gutunganya ni bito, kandi imashini isya yakozwe ifite ibisobanuro bihanitse, kubwibyo rero ni ngombwa cyane kubisya. Imashini zisya zifite imikorere myinshi, ishobora kuzamura imikorere myiza yakazi. Bafite urutonde rwuzuye rwibikoresho byo gutunganya, birashobora guhita bihindura umuvuduko wa kabili, kwikorera no gupakurura ibikoresho, kandi bigafasha umuntu umwe kugenzura ibikoresho byimashini nyinshi, kabone niyo atabigenzura.

  Mugihe cyo gukoresha, intambwe yambere nukugenzura gusimbuka inkoni. Nyuma yo gutsinda ikizamini cyo gusimbuka, uruziga rwohasi rukoreshwa mu gusya igikonjo gisohoka, gukata, hamwe nibice bitandukanye byo gukata urusyo rugabanya umubiri winkoni, byose bitunganywa na gride. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, inziga zo gusya za diyama nazo zirakoreshwa, ziherekejwe ninshi zo gukonjesha. Gukata ibyuma bya tungsten hamwe na diameter ya milimetero 4 mubisanzwe bifata iminota 5-6 kugirango birangire. Ariko ibi kandi bigenwa na mashini yo gusya. Imashini zimwe zisya zifite amashoka menshi kandi ikora neza, kandi irashobora gutunganya ibyuma byinshi byo gusya ibyuma bya tungsten icyarimwe. Birashobora kugaragara ko nyuma yo gutunganywa, inkoni ya tungsten yahindutse icyuma gisya, kandi icyuma gisya kiracyari ibicuruzwa byarangiye. Ukurikije itegeko ryabakiriya, ibikoresho byo gukata birasunikwa hanyuma byoherezwa mubyumba byogusukura ultrasonic. Nyuma yo gukata, ibikoresho byo gutema byabanje gusukurwa kugirango bikureho amazi yo gukata hamwe n ibisigazwa byamavuta kumurongo kugirango byoroshye byoroshye.

  Niba bidasukuwe, bizagira ingaruka kubikorwa bizakurikiraho. Ibikurikira, dukeneye gukora imiti ya passivation. Passivation, bisobanuwe mubyukuri nka passivation, igamije gukuraho burrs kuruhande. Burrs kumurongo uca irashobora gutera ibikoresho kwambara no gukomera hejuru yumurimo watunganijwe. Sandblasting passivation nkiyi ikoresha umwuka ucogora nkimbaraga nibikoresho byihuta byindege kugirango utere hejuru yigikoresho. Nyuma yo kuvura passivation, gukata bigenda neza cyane, bikagabanya cyane ibyago byo gukata. Ubuso bwubuso bwibikorwa nabwo buzanozwa, cyane cyane kubikoresho bisize, bigomba kuvurwa passivation kuruhande mbere yo gutwikira kugirango igipfundikizo gifatanye neza nubuso bwibikoresho. 

  Nyuma ya passivation, nayo igomba kongera gusukurwa, Iki gihe, ikigamijwe ni ugusukura ibice bisigaye kumubiri wigikoresho. Nyuma yibi bikorwa byasubiwemo, gusiga, kuramba, hamwe nubuzima bwa serivisi byigikoresho byatejwe imbere. Uruganda rwibikoresho bimwe ntabwo rufite ubu buryo. Ibikurikira, igikoresho kizoherezwa kuri coating. Gupfuka nabyo ni ihuriro ryingenzi. Ubwa mbere, shyiramo igikoresho kuri pendant hanyuma ugaragaze impande zometseho. Dukoresha PVD yumubiri wumuyaga, uhumeka ibikoresho bisizwe muburyo bwumubiri, hanyuma ukabishyira hejuru yigikoresho. By'umwihariko, banza ucecekeshe, utekeshe kandi ushushe icyuma gisya kugeza ku bushyuhe bukenewe, utere hejuru ya voltage ya 200V kugeza 1000V hamwe na ion, hanyuma usige imashini ifite voltage mbi cyane muminota itanu kugeza 30. Noneho hinduranya umuyaga kugirango ibikoresho byo kubumba bishoboke kugirango umubare munini wa atome na molekile bishobore guhumeka hanyuma ugasiga ibikoresho byo gutemba byamazi cyangwa ibintu bifatika byo hejuru cyangwa bigashyirwa hejuru hanyuma bigashyirwa hejuru yumubiri. Hindura ibyuka bihumeka nkuko bisabwa kugeza igihe cyo gushira kirangiye, tegereza gukonja hanyuma usohoke. Igifuniko gikwiye kirashobora kongera ibikoresho byubuzima inshuro nyinshi kandi bikazamura ubwiza bwubuso bwibikorwa bigomba gutunganywa.

  Igikoresho cyo gutwikira kirangiye, mubyukuri inzira zose zingenzi zararangiye. Muri iki gihe, ibyuma byo gusya ibyuma bya tungsten birashobora gushyirwaho kubikoresho byimashini. Turakurura icyuma gishya cyo gusya mucyumba cyo gupakira, kandi icyumba cyo gupakira kizongera gusuzuma neza urusyo. Binyuze kuri microscope ya anime, reba niba gukata byacitse kandi niba ubunyangamugayo bujuje ibisabwa, hanyuma ubyohereze kugirango ushire akamenyetso, koresha lazeri kugirango ushushanye igikoresho cyerekanwe ku ntoki, hanyuma ushyireho icyuma cya tungsten. Ibicuruzwa byacu byo gusya byoherejwe mubisanzwe mubihumbi, rimwe na rimwe ibihumbi icumi, bityo imashini yapakira yikora ntabwo yemerewe Umubare muto urashobora kuzigama abakozi benshi nubutunzi bwamafaranga. Ubwenge butagira abadereva uruganda nicyerekezo kizaza. 

  Harimo inzira nyinshi zo gukumira ibyuma byo gusya ibyuma bya tungsten gukura kuva kera, Mu myaka yashize, hamwe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda z’ibikoresho, amasosiyete menshi y’ibikoresho yatangiye ubushakashatsi bwigenga no guteza imbere ingingo z’ikoranabuhanga zitaracungwa neza mu gihugu, nkizo nk'ikoranabuhanga ryo gutwikira hamwe n'imashini eshanu zisobanutse neza, kandi zagiye zigaragaza buhoro buhoro inzira yo gusimbuza ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga.